The reason for diabetes -2

  Diabetes is a life-long disease that affects the way your body handles glucose, a kind of sugar, in your blood.blood glucose is not normal, but not high enough to be diabetes yet.

Reason Diabetes

Your pancreas makes a hormone called insulin. It's what lets your cells turn glucose from the food you eat into energy Type = 2 diabetes make insulin, but their cells don't use it as well as they should.

Doctors call this insulin resistance.the pancreas makes more insulin to try to get glucose into the cells. But eventually it can't keep up, and the sugar builds up in your blood instead.

Extra weight.

 Being overweight or obese can cause insulin resistance, especially if you carry your extra pounds around the middle.
Type 2 diabetes affects kids and teens as well as adults, mainly because of childhood obesity.

Metabolic Syndrome

 Insulin resistance often has a group of conditions including high blood glucose, extra fat around the waist, high blood pressure, and high cholesterol and triglycerides.

Glucose from your liver

When your blood sugar is low, your liver makes and sends out glucose. After you eat, your blood sugar goes up, usually the liver will slow down and store its glucose for later. But some people's livers don't. They keep cranking out sugar.

Broken beta cells

If the cells that make the insulin send out the wrong amount of insulin at the wrong time, your blood sugar gets thrown off. High blood glucose can damage these cells, too.

Risk Factors and Prevention

While certain things make getting diabetes more likely, they won't give you the disease. But the more that apply to you, the higher your chances of getting it are.
Some things you can't control.
  • Age: 45 or older
  • Family: A parent, sister, or brother with diabetes
  • Prediabetes
  • Heart and blood vessel disease
  • High blood pressure, even if it's treated and under control
  • Low HDL ("good") cholesterol
  • High triglycerides
  • Being overweight or obese
  • Having a baby that weighed more than 9 pounds
  • Having gestational diabetes while you were pregnant
  • Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)
  • Acanthosis nigricans, a skin condition with dark rashes around your neck or armpits
  • Depression
Other risk factors have to do with your daily habits and lifestyle. These are the ones you can really do something about.
The following change to be done n your life

Get active
Eat right
Quit smoking
Lose weight

Symptoms

The symptoms of type 2 diabetes can be so mild you don't notice them. In fact, about 8 million people who have it don't know it.
  • Being very thirsty
  • Peeing a lot
  • Blurry vision
  • Being irritable
  • Tingling or numbness in your hands or feet
  • Feeling worn out
  • Wounds that don't heal
  • Yeast infections that keep coming back

Getting a Diagnosis

Your doctor can test your blood for signs of diabetes. Usually, doctors will test you on two different days to confirm the diagnosis. But if your blood glucose is very high or you have a lot of symptoms, one test may be all you need.

A1C:

 It's like an average of your blood glucose over the past 2 or 3 months.

Fasting plasma glucose:

 This measures your blood sugar on an empty stomach. You won't be able to eat or drink anything except water for 8 hours before the test.

Oral glucose tolerance test 

This checks your blood glucose before and 2 hours after you drink a sweet drink to see how your body handles the sugar.

Long-Term Effects

  • Heart and blood vessels
  • Kidneys
  • Eyes
  • Nerves, which can lead to trouble with digestion, the feeling in your feet, and your sexual response
  • Wound healing
  • Pregnancy
The best way to avoid these complications is to manage your diabetes well
  • Take your diabetes medications or insulin on time.
  • Check your blood glucose.
  • Eat right, and don't skip meals.
  • See your doctor regularly to check for early signs of trouble